What role do biodegradable materials play in waste management?

Biodegradable materials play a significant role in waste management primarily because they decompose naturally, which leads to a reduction in landfill mass and lowers methane production. When biodegradable materials are placed in landfills, they break down over time through natural processes. This decomposition is facilitated by microorganisms that consume the materials, ultimately leading to a smaller volume of waste that remains in the landfill compared to non-biodegradable materials.

Moreover, the breakdown process of biodegradable materials produces less methane, a potent greenhouse gas, than the anaerobic decomposition of non-biodegradable materials. Methane is generated when organic material decomposes in the absence of oxygen, which is common in landfills. Therefore, by increasing the proportion of biodegradable materials in waste streams, municipalities can mitigate methane emissions and help extend the lifespan of landfill sites. This highlights the environmental benefits associated with incorporating biodegradable materials into waste management practices.